Introduction to Script of Unity3D

1. Create a new folder on Desktop and give it a name, say “Lab2”.

2. Create a new project at the position of “Lab2”

3. In this lab, we start to make your game move and have more functions. This needs to use the scripts in Unity3D, which requires you to do some coding.

Add Scripts for Your Player

12. To add physical properties to this ball and make it be able to move, we need to add Rigidbody to it. You need to choose Player at Hierarchy panel and click Add Component at Inspector panel. Search for Ridigbody and click it to add it to your Player.

13. This time, we need to create a script to add force to this ball and make it move by your controls. We create a new folder named as “Script” and right click it. You should choose Create > C# Script and name it as “PlayerControl”. Then, drag it onto your Player in Hierarchy panel. That’s also how you can attach a script onto a game object. You will see this in your Inspector panel.

There are both C# and JS Script in Unity3D. Here we only introduce how to write C# Script.

14. Double Click PlayerControl, and you can open this script. You can see two empty function in this script. Start() is used for initialization of this object. It will run at the start of your game. Update() is used for the action updating, and it will run at each frame of your game. However, this time we need to do some physical movement, so we’d better to change Update() as FixedUpdate() which is suitable for physical action updating.

15. We need to catch your input to this game, so we need Input.GetAxis() to get it. In default setting, Horizontal is mapped to A, D, ←, → and Vertical is mapped to W, S, ↑, ↓. Then we can create a vector to record to movement.

16. To add this movement to your ball, you need to get the Rigidbody of this ball because a force only works on the Rigidbody. To get the reference of the rigidbody, you need to create a private variable Rigidbody rd, and initialize it in the Start(). The function GetComponent<>() is used to get specific component of your game object. In <>, you need to write the data type.

17. Then, to add the movement to the ball, you need to write one more line in FixedUpdate(). AddForce() is used to add a force vector to a Rigidbody.

18. To make this force more flexible, you can add one more public variable speed. As it is written as public, it will be shown in your Inspector panel.

19. Now, you can set a value to the speed and test playing your ball. You will see it can move!

Set Up Your Camera

20. To make this game more user-friendly, we need to make the camera follow your Player. To achieve this, we need to tie our camera to the Player.

• First, click your Main Camera in Hierarchy panel. We need to set its position as (0, 10, -10) and its rotation as (45, 0, 0). Now it is a third-player view to your Player.



• Then, we need to add some scripts to make our camera move following the Player. We need to create a new script “CameraControl” and attach it onto the Main Camera. The LateUpdate() is to guarantee that all the update has been done in each frame and then update this function.



• After completing this script, you need to drag the Player in the Hierarchy panel onto the player in Inspector of CameraControl.

21. Then, you can play your game, and you will find your camera is moving following your ball!

Create Pick-Up Items

22. As you play with your ball, you will find it will drop off from the plane. We need to add some walls to this plane. You need to create an empty object first and rename it as “Wall”. Then add 4 Cubes as the children of this Wall object. It should look like this.

23. Now we will start to add some pick-up items to this game.

• Firstly, we create a cube with these properties.



• Then, we add a script named “Rotator” to it to make it rotate all the time.



• Now, we create a new folder named “Prefabs”. We need to create a new material for the Pick Up and I choose yellow as the color. Then, you can drag your Pick Up object from Hierarchy to the Prefabs folder to save it as a prefab. A prefab is a object which you can reuse in your game next time.



• After creating the prefab, you need to add a few more pick-up items in your scene.

24. Now, we need to make our ball be able to collect the items. To start, I have to introduce the Collider. You will find that there are colliders on both Player and Pick Up. They are used for judging whether this object has collision with other objects which have collider. Now your Player cannot enter Pick Up, but after you mark the IsTrigger. Your Player is able to enter Pick Up, and then we can detect this collision in our following steps.

You must change the prefab, or you need to change the objects in Hierarchy one by one.

• The one more thing we need to do is to add a tag to this object. You need to click tag and add a new tag named “Pick Up”.

25. Now we need to edit the PlayerControl script to detect the collision and make some actions. We need to add one more function in this script.

OnTriggerEnter is the default function of Unity3D to detect the collision between objects. What we need to do is to set the pick-up item invisible as our ball hit them. Therefore, we need to check whether the object entering is “Pick Up”, and if it is Pick Up, we need to set SetActive as false and it will become invisible.

26. Until now, you have completed a simple Roll a Ball game! Test and play with it!

View Your Game In VR

27. Now let’s try to view your game in VR. If you want to run VR software in your computer, your GPU must be higher than NVIDIA GTX960.

28. You need to set up your Oculus first.

• Firstly, you need to download Oculus driver from its website.
• Secondly, install the driver software and plugin your wires of Oculus.

  After installing the software, you’d better close it and restart your own computer. That will make the VR software works better.

29. Now go back to Unity3D. Click File > Build Setting. You will see the Build Setting panel.

Then click Player Setting. Mark the Virtual Reality Supported and delete the OpenVR. You should only leave the Oculus.

30. Now click Play, and Unity3D will automatically run the driver software of Oculus and you can view your game in VR world now!

Tips: if you still cannot see your game in VR, try to close the Oculus software and Unity3D. Then, restart Unity3D and click Play directly. (Do not run the Oculus software!!!)

Assignment 1

This assignment 1 is to check what you have learned from Lab 1 and Lab 2. It covers two parts.

• Part 1:

  You need to build a complete scene with Terrain tools. It needs to contain some different objects to form a meaningful and complex scene. You can also download some assets from the Unity Store, but you should not use the default scene in the package you download.

• Part 2:

  In your scene, there should be some objects that can be controlled by player to interact with some other objects. There also should be some objects that can move automatically. These objects should be meaningful in your scene. Do note that your player doesn't need to be a ball. Get creative!

Grading Criteria

For part 1:

Terrain (30%)	Enough editing is performed so that it looks like in the real world.
Environment (25%)	Enough trees and grass are added, or a meaningful lake/river is added.
Lighting (25%)	The directional light is correctly set; the fog makes part of the scene invisible when the camera is distant.
Extra (20%)	There's any specific meaning of the scene, or the scene is aesthetically enjoyable, or there's any extra stuff learned by yourself.

For part 2:

Player (20%)	The player can move. The speed is modifiable.
Camera (20%)	The camera can follow the player and keep a fixed offset.
Scene (20%)	Walls can block the ball (player), even under relatively high speed of movement.
Pick-ups (20%)	Pick-ups rotate correctly, won't block player's movement, and will disappear when the player "collects" them.
Extra (20%)	Any aesthetic creativity or any extra stuff learned by yourself.

Submission Guidelines

After completing your project, you need to select all your objects in Project panel and click Assets > Export Package to export what you used in your project.

Project groups can loan out one-set of HTC Vive and Oculus Rift S or Quest or DK2, and one iPAD pro from Mr Dennis SIN (send email to check his availability) . Date of collection will be announced through LumiNUS after project groups are finalised. You should share the hardware for this assignment. You can work together in lab, help-each other (within the group), but each one should implement a unique VR scene/ideas/objects.

What to submit:

XXX. unitypackage (Your game package)

README.txt (You need to write how to play your game and what downloaded packages or objects you have used in your project)

Zip these files into Your_Student_Number.zip and upload it to Canvas->Assignments->mini-Project1/Lab Assignment 1 Submission

Due date: Refer to Canvas->Syllabus->Schedule